Convert Nanometer to Femtometer

A nanometer is a metric unit of length equal to one billionth of a meter (1×10⁻⁹ m). It is the standard unit for measuring atomic and molecular dimensions and is widely used in physics, chemistry, and electronics.

Defined using the SI prefix nano- (from Greek nanos, "dwarf") to denote one-billionth, adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) in 1960.

Nanometers are used to measure wavelengths of visible light (400–700 nm), semiconductor transistor sizes (currently 3–5 nm process nodes), DNA double helix width (2 nm), and atomic radii. The 2019 SI redefinition fixed the meter to the speed of light, making nanometer definitions exact to atomic precision.

SI prefix nano- adopted by the CGPM in 1960; nanometer became the standard unit for nanotechnology and optical wavelengths during the late 20th century.

A femtometer is a metric unit of length equal to one quadrillionth of a meter (1×10⁻¹⁵ m). It is the standard unit for measuring sub-atomic dimensions, particularly the size of atomic nuclei. The femtometer is also known historically as the fermi.

The femtometer was defined using the SI prefix femto- (from Danish femten, meaning fifteen), adopted by the CGPM in 1964 to denote one quadrillionth. The synonymous name fermi was named after Italian physicist Enrico Fermi.

Femtometers are used to express the size of atomic nuclei (typically 1–10 fm in diameter), the range of strong nuclear forces, and characteristic dimensions in particle physics. The proton charge radius is approximately 0.84 fm.

SI prefix femto- adopted in 1964; the unit became standard in nuclear physics through the late 20th century. The name fermi (after Enrico Fermi) was used informally from the 1950s but officially superseded by femtometer.