Convert Classical Electron Radius to Yard
Convert classical electron radii to yards instantly. 1 classical electron radius = 3.081737e-15 yard — use the live calculator, the exact formula, a conversion table and worked examples. Also check the Yard to Classical Electron Radius converter for the reverse conversion.
Units explained
Classical Electron Radius
The classical electron radius is approximately 2.818×10⁻¹⁵ meters. It is the radius an electron would have if its mass were entirely electromagnetic and its charge distributed over its surface.
Defined classically in the early 20th century. The CODATA 2018 value of 2.8179403262×10⁻¹⁵ m is derived from the elementary charge, electron rest mass, and the Coulomb constant.
The classical electron radius appears in scattering theory (Thomson scattering cross-section), particle physics estimates, and historical electromagnetism. It is a calculational tool, not the actual size of an electron, which has no measured extent.
Concept dates to the early 20th-century classical electromagnetism; CODATA 2018 provides the current reference value.
Yard
A yard is an Imperial and US customary unit of length equal to 3 feet or exactly 0.9144 meters. It is used for medium distances, particularly in athletics and fabric/textile measurement.
The yard's origin is contested but traditionally attributed to the length from the tip of King Henry I's nose to the end of his outstretched thumb. It was standardized in English law from the medieval period and definitively fixed at 0.9144 m exactly by the 1959 International Yard and Pound Agreement.
Yards are used in American football (10 yards for a first down), golf course distances, fabric and carpet sales in the US, and short-distance running events. The UK uses yards informally and on road signs for short distances.
Standardized in English law from the Middle Ages; fixed at 0.9144 m exactly by the 1959 International Yard and Pound Agreement.
Classical Electron Radius to Yard conversion formula
The relationship between classical electron radii and yards:
To convert classical electron radii to yards, multiply the value in classical electron radii by 3.081737e-15. To reverse, multiply yards by 3.244923e+14.
How to use this converter
Type a value into the calculator. The result in yards updates as you type. Tap a quick value, copy the result with one click, or use the swap arrow to jump straight to the Yard to Classical Electron Radius converter for the reverse direction.
Step-by-step: convert classical electron radii to yards
- Write down the value in classical electron radii (rₑ).
- Multiply that value by the factor 3.081737e-15.
- The product is the equivalent value in yards (yd).
- To reverse, multiply the yard value by 3.244923e+14.
Worked examples
Example 1 — Convert 1 rₑ to yd:
1 × 3.081737e-15 = 3.081737e-15 yd
Example 2 — Convert 100 rₑ to yd:
100 × 3.081737e-15 = 3.081737e-13 yd
Real-world example — Bridging nine orders of magnitude
500 million classical electron radii equals a value comfortably in the human-scale yards range. Physics problems that span this gap are common when comparing the wavelength of light to the path length of an experiment.
5e+8 rₑ × 3.081737e-15 = 1.540869e-6 yd
Real-world example — From sub-micron to human scale
One billion classical electron radii equals one yard — the conversion that drives home the gulf between atomic-scale features and everyday objects in physics curricula.
1e+9 rₑ × 3.081737e-15 = 3.081737e-6 yd
Classical Electron Radius to Yard conversion table
Standard reference values for converting classical electron radii to yards:
| Classical Electron Radius [rₑ] | Yard [yd] |
|---|---|
| 0.01 | 3.081737e-17 |
| 0.1 | 3.081737e-16 |
| 1 | 3.081737e-15 |
| 2 | 6.163474e-15 |
| 3 | 9.245211e-15 |
| 4 | 1.232695e-14 |
| 5 | 1.540869e-14 |
| 10 | 3.081737e-14 |
| 20 | 6.163474e-14 |
| 30 | 9.245211e-14 |
| 40 | 1.232695e-13 |
| 50 | 1.540869e-13 |
| 100 | 3.081737e-13 |
| 500 | 1.540869e-12 |
| 1000 | 3.081737e-12 |
Frequently asked questions
How many yards is 1 classical electron radius?
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Popular length unit conversions
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Metric / SI (4 units)
Imperial / US Customary (4 units)
Sources & references
Conversion factor (1 rₑ = 3.081737e-15 yd) verified against the following authoritative sources:
- BIPM — The International System of Units (SI Brochure 9th ed.)
Official BIPM publication defining the seven SI base units (including the meter) and the rules for their use. The global authority on units of measurement.
- NIST — Guide to the SI
US National Institute of Standards and Technology reference covering the SI base and derived units with definitions and usage rules for US technical practice.
- NIST Special Publication 811 — Guide for the Use of the International System of Units
Detailed NIST guide covering exact conversion factors between SI and US customary units along with formatting and rounding conventions.
- NIST — Refinement of values for the yard and pound (Federal Register 1959)
The treaty (signed by US
- International Hydrographic Organization — Resolution on the Nautical Mile
International authority that standardised the nautical mile at exactly 1852 m in 1929 — the value adopted worldwide for sea and air navigation.